• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention proposes a method and a container 21 such as capsules, pads or tabs for the preparation of food in extraction machines, wherein the containers are equipped with special magnetizable markers 20 to identify the containers 21 can. A combination of soft magnetic alloys 203 having characteristic non-linear magnetic properties and hard magnetic elements 42a is proposed.
    公开号:AT511732A2
    申请号:T6152012
    申请日:2012-05-25
    公开日:2013-02-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Suess Dieter Dr；Litzka Bernd Mag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Identifiable Magnetic Markers B. Litzka, D. Suess
    The invention relates to containers, such as capsules, pads or tabs for the extraction of food such as coffee, tea or baby food in extraction machines, wherein the container includes at least one soft magnetic element 203 and at least one magnetically harder element 42a which are used to identify the container. DE69210084 discloses a process for making beverages by means of closed sachets and apparatus for carrying out this process. A detection or identification of the container is not shown. CA915780 describes a method and a machine for detecting the identity of objects in a test zone to prevent theft by fixing a ferromagnetic material to an object and exposing it in a pulsating magnetic field and detecting it by a frequency band. A detailed analysis of the marker-influenced discriminant signal is not disclosed. W09826378 describes the detection of banknotes, passports and similar documents by means of elongated magnetic particles with a demagnetization factor smaller than 1/250 and a diameter smaller than 30 microns and a saturation field greater than 100 A / m, wherein the magnetic particle exposed to a magnetic field is a signal caused by the analysis of harmonics discriminant allows. DE102005062016 discloses a method for the automatic control of bottles and pledges by soft magnetic sensor strips and magnetic semi-hard stamping stiffeners.
    I EP1515280 describes a deposit mark, a return device and a deposit check by means of a ferromagnetic indicator element which is not magnetized holistically to remanence. A detailed analysis of the discriminant signal is not disclosed. W02005044067 describes the identification of containers by magnetic or optical methods. In this case, a rotating magnetic field reading head is proposed for the disclosed magnetic method. The information is stored in hard magnetic tapes or rings. The longitudinal direction of the magnetic tape is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the container. WO2011000723, WO2011000724 and WO2011000725 propose to detect magnetic markers integrated in capsules for beverage machines by exciting the marker by means of a transmitting coil through a period of sinusoidal oscillation. Because of at least one
    Barkhausen jump of the magnetic marker, the marker leads to a voltage peak in the induced voltage in the detection coil. In order to investigate this change in the induced voltage, it is proposed to examine the voltage-time curve for jumps. The position of the jumps serves to identify the marker. Due to disturbing influences, such as magnetic fields, which also induce voltages in the detection coil, reliable detection by this method is not possible because those jumps caused by the marker are indistinguishable from the random noise. Furthermore, Barkhausen jumps are strongly influenced by production processes and mechanical stresses, which prevents reproducible and reliable detection in practical applications with standard manufacturing processes. In WO2011000723, WO2011000724 and WO2011000725 it is described that the preferred length of the magnetic elements is between 5 and 20 mm, more preferably between 8 and 15 mm (page 7, WO 2011000725). However, it is known from the literature that Barkhausen jumps occur only in long wires. For example, Atalay and Bayri ("Low field magnetoimpedance in FeSiB and CoSiB amorphous wire", Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, page 1365, Volume, 272-276, 2004) describes that for wires longer than 7 cm, a Barkhausen jump occurs. For wires between 4 cm and 7 cm two Barkhausen jumps occur and for wires under 4 cm no Barkhausen jumps occur. Thus, these wires in the preferred length are not suitable for serving as magnetic markers in the manner described in WO2011000723, WO2011000724 and WO2011000725, since they do not show suitable Barkhausen jumps for identification in the desired length for use in coffee capsules, for example.
    Object of the subject invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of detection of markers to represent an advantageous, industrially producible container marker arrangement and a, on this container marker arrangement optimally designed and reliable detection method for discriminating containers, such as capsules, Pads or tabs in extraction machines, which is robust against interference and can easily differentiate containers with different markers that have different magnetic properties, to suggest. In particular, markers are proposed which, in addition to at least one soft magnetic element 203, also contain at least one hard magnetic element 42a for identification. By different magnetizations of the hard magnetic element, the number of distinguishable markers can be drastically increased.
    In particular, the magnetic markers are magnetized by time-dependent magnetic fields. The presence of the markers influences these magnetic fields. The detected magnetic field includes contributions from the magnetic markers, and by analyzing the detected signal, the markers can be identified.
    For example, the markers can be efficiently analyzed by spectral analysis. In particular, the phases and amplitudes of the harmonics are analyzed. Furthermore, markers are used in inventive embodiments, which are shielded by the application of electrically conductive layers, which surround, for example, the marker of high-frequency electromagnetic interference of the environment, resulting in an optimized detection rate.
    The periodic detector signal UD (t) having the period T, wherein the period T is as follows at the frequency f and the angular frequency o > ω = 2nf = 2π / T, can be represented by means of a Fourier series: where the complex coefficients cn can be determined from the detector signal (Λ> (ί) as follows:
    Thus, both the amplitude of the harmonics and the phase can be used for the detection of the markers. In particular, the phase of harmonics may be related to the phase of the excitation signal for detection. The excitation signal can be measured, for example, in the excitation coil or in the fundamental frequency of the induced signal.
    If the detection signal is transformed by an analog-to-digital converter, discrete voltage values are available. In this case, the Fourier analysis is replaced by Discrete Fourier Analysis or Fast Fourier Analysis (FFT). The
    Amplitude of the harmonic n is given by An = + c_J.
    The proposed method is not limited to base vectors of ^ "', but proposes to apply a harmonic analysis to locally compact, topological groups, where the spectrum can be obtained as follows:
    F {f): G-> C F (f) ^) = f (xMx) dÄ (x)
    t i
    In addition to the analysis of the harmonics, the detected signal can also be analyzed directly. Peaks at different times can be used to identify the markers.
    The invention is illustrated by means of embodiments in the following drawings and explained in more detail. It shows
    Figure 1: μ0Η - J curves of 3 different marker materials
    Figure 2: μ0Η - J curves of magnetic marker materials with Barkhausen jumps
    Figure 3: Induced voltage in the detection coil Figure 4: Spectrum for marker Material 1 Figure 5: Spectrum for marker Material 2 Figure 6: Spectrum for marker Material 3 Figure 7: Marker with hard magnetic element
    Figure 8: Amplitude of the 2nd harmonic oscillation for a soft magnetic element without a hard magnet
    Figure 9: Amplitude of the 3rd harmonic oscillation for a soft magnetic element without a hard magnet
    Figure 10: Amplitude of the 2nd harmonic oscillation for soft magnetic element with hard magnet
    Figure 11: Amplitude of the 3rd harmonic oscillation for soft magnetic element with hard magnet
    Figure 12: Excitation signal at 160 Hz, with three different temporally constant fields superimposed
    Figure 13: Excitation signal at 160 Hz, with a linearly variable field superimposed.
    Figure 14: Excitation signal at 160 Hz, superimposed on a sinusoidal field with a frequency of 16 Hz
    Figure 15: Illustration of a possible arrangement of an iängsförmigen marker in a coffee capsule on the capsule wall
    Figure 16: Insertion of multiple markers rotationally symmetric into a capsule (exemplary circular or elongated capsule cross-section)
    Figure 17: Cross-section of a coffee pad with a possible radial arrangement of a curved marker
    Figure 18: Cross section of a coffee pad with a possible central arrangement of a longitudinal marker along or parallel to the axis of rotation of the pad.
    Figure 19: Illustration of the discriminating detection device with a possible arrangement of coils, in which a coffee capsule with a marker according to the invention is positioned on the capsule wall in a closed pressure chamber of an extraction machine.
    A sinusoidal excitation field of frequency fi induces, without the presence of a marker 20 positioned in or on a container 21, a sinusoidal induced voltage UD which in practice is still superimposed by random noise. Due to the non-periodicity of the noise, the noise does not contribute to the amplitudes of the frequency analysis and a clear peak in the frequency curve at f,. For a sinusoidal signal, only the amplitude Ai is different from zero.
    If a container 21 with a marker 20 is brought into the vicinity of the transmitting coil 21 or a magnetic field sensor 11 of the extraction machine, a magnetically soft element 203 in a marker 20 is magnetized by the exciting field. As a transmitting coil 12 and magnetic field sensor 11, for example, air coils or ferrite can be used. Air coils have the advantage of exhibiting excellent linear frequency characteristics and are low cost standard elements that are also replaceable over a large field area. When using ferrite coils, it should be noted that the ferrite core has a linear magnetization as a function of the excitation field in order not to distort the signal.
    Further possibilities to detect the magnetic field of the magnetic marker 20 are GMR "Giant magnetoresistance" sensors as well as TMR "Tunnel Magnetoresistance", as well as AMR "Anisotropic Magnetoresistance", as well as CMR sensors "Colossal Magneto Resistance", where the electrical resistance as a function of the Magnetic field can be measured. For low operating frequencies, for example, the use of flux-gate sensors is possible.
    Figure 1 shows the magnetic polarization J (T) of various marker materials 203 as a function of the external field μ0Η (mT). Figure 1 shows three different materials, with material 3 showing the highest susceptibility. The susceptibility of material 2 is lower by a factor of 3. The lowest susceptibility has material 1. All materials shown show a steady J - μ0Η curve. This means that there are no significant jumps in the 6 ♦ * «· · * · * ♦ ·
    Magnetization at a given field value. Specifically, a J - μ0Η curve is said to be continuous if the magnetization as a function of the external field has no susceptibility greater than 1x107 for any field value. In contrast to continuous J - μ0Η curves, where no Barkhausen jumps occur, Figure 2 shows typical J - μ0Η curves that show Barkhausen jumps. Figure 2 (Marker Material 6) shows a J - μ0Η curve with a Barkhausen jump from a FeSiB wire with a length of 10 cm and a diameter of 0.125 mm. Figure 2 (Marker Material 7) shows a typical J-μ0Η curve when two wires with Barkhausen jumps are brought close together. Due to the stray field interaction, the shown shape of the J - μ0Η curve arises.
    If a container 21 is brought with a marker 20 with a low susceptibility of the soft magnetic material 203 in the transmission field of the extraction machine, such as material 3, this material is not saturated by the transmission field. That is, the transmission field is linearly amplified by the marker 20. This field can be detected by the detection coil 11 and is still sinusoidal due to the linear J (B) relationship, as shown in Figure 3. This continued sinusoidal shape of the voltage-time curve can also be seen in the frequency spectrum, since only one peak at the fundamental frequency can be seen (Figure 4).
    If, on the other hand, a magnetic material with high susceptibility is brought into the vicinity of the transmitting coil 12 of the extraction machine, the transmission field can saturate the material. The prerequisite is that the transmission field at the location of the marker 20 generates a field which drives the soft-magnetic element 203 into the non-linear part of the J-μοΗ. This is guaranteed in any case if the excitation field is greater than the saturation field Bs. In Figure 1, the saturation field βs is defined as the field at which the susceptibility to fields H> HC of the magnetic marker 20 changes by at least a factor of 10.
    As a result, as long as the excitation field is smaller than Bs, this field is significantly enhanced. On the other hand, if the soft-magnetic element 203 is already saturated, the excitation field is no longer changed thereby. This leads to a change in the shape of the induced voltage-time curve as shown in Figure 3. This changed voltage-time curve leads to the formation of 7
    • «I
    Harmonics that can be clearly identified by peaks at multiples of the fundamental frequency in the frequency spectrum, as shown in Figure 5. The amplitudes of An are now also different from zero for n > 1, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
    In Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, a marker material with a negligible coercive field was used. Using a soft magnetic marker material 203 with a coercive field Hc results in a phase shift between the detection signal and the excitation signal. This phase shift is directly related to the coercive field. Thus, magnetic marker materials with different coercive fields can be distinguished, inter alia, by the phase shift. Different coercive fields can be realized by different alloys. Magnetic markers with different Barkhausen jumps, for example, also show different coercive fields.
    For the measurement and detection of containers 21, therefore, both the amplitudes of the harmonics and the phases of the harmonics can be used for the differentiation of different marker materials.
    The saturation field of the magnetic polarization in Figure 1 is determined not only by the intrinsic properties of the magnetic alloy of the marker 20. The geometry of the marker 20 substantially affects the field needed to saturate the sample. The field to saturate a sample can be determined, aA - aA, + -λ · /, where MA * is the intrinsic saturation field given by the soft magnetic property of the marker material. This field can be determined in a closed loop, for example a ring sample, where there is no demagnetization of the sample by the ends of the sample. In these closed circles, the intrinsic susceptibility can also be determined.
    For non-closed magnetic circuits, the saturation field is determined by the
    Demagnetization field α, Α, = A increases, where N is the demagnetization factor, which depends only on the marker geometry. In Table 1, the 8th
    Demagnetization factor for a soft magnetic element 203 indicated as a function of the length.
    Table Λ-demagnetization factor N for a soft-magnetic element 203 with the dimensions 0.3 cm x 0.005 cm and a variable length L in cm. L (cm) j Demagnetization factor N | I 4 I 1 0.0021 1 ... ... 1 | 3 0.0027 j! 2 0.0041 1 0.008 | 0.5 i_ [0.015 1 j_i
    The longer the soft magnetic element 203 is, the lower the demagnetization factor and the soft magnetic element 203 can be saturated by small Anrepfelder, which is preferred for the subject method.
    In addition to the intrinsic susceptibility, the geometry, such as the length of the soft magnetic element 203, can be used to distinguish between different markers 20 and containers 21. Thus, the magnetic material of Marker 2 and Marker 3 is identical. Only the length of the markers 20 is different. For example, increasing the length from 1 cm to 3 cm reduces the demagnetization factor by a factor of 2.9. This corresponds to the difference between marker 2 and marker 3.
    In Figure 7, a magnetic marker 20 is shown, which in addition to the soft magnetic element 203 also includes a hard magnet or a semi-hard magnet 42a. This magnet 42a should have a sufficiently large coercive field, so that the remanence of the magnet hardly changes over a few years. The element 42a can be magnetized in different directions and with different strengths. For example, 42a may take the following magnetization values in the longitudinal direction. M-2 = -Mr, M-i = -1 / 2 Mr, M0 = o, Mi = 1/2 Mr, M2 = Mr., where Mr denotes the remanence when the element 42a has previously been saturated. Depending on the state in which the element 42 a is, the soft magnetic element 20 sends out different responses to external fields 9. If, for example, 7 different soft magnetic elements are used which are mounted next to the hard magnet described above, which allow 5 magnetization settings, a total of 35 different markers can be distinguished.
    These hard magnetic or semi-hard magnetic marker materials may also be used to change the magnetic state of the marker 20 after applying the container 21 by applying a magnetic field. For example, the hard magnetic element may be demagnetized, marking a marker already in use. Likewise, of course, a label can be placed in any other magnetized state after use which is characteristic of markers used. Thus, the harmonic spectrum changes again and it can be detected whether the marker 20 has already been used in the machine. Thus, it can be avoided that markers 20 are removed from the containers 21 and placed in other containers 21.
    It is also possible for magnetic markers 20 to use hard magnetic or semi-hard magnetic materials 42a having a Curie temperature in the temperature range achieved during use in extraction machines during the brewing process. As a result, the stray field of the hard magnetic material sensor changes irreversibly when this critical temperature has been exceeded once. As a result, the harmonic spectrum of the soft magnetic marker material changes by the stray field of the hard magnet. Instead of using materials with a Curie temperature, materials with a first-order phase transition may also be used, such as magnetocaloric materials or shape-memory alloys.
    In Figure 8, the second harmonic amplitudes A2 of two different soft magnetic elements 203 are given as a function of an applied magnetic field. An additional hard magnetic element 42a is in a demagnetized state. If no additional static magnetic field is applied (bias field = 0), the positive induced voltages in the receiver coil are the same as the negative induced voltages. It follows that the second harmonic amplitude at bias field = 0 is also zero. Now, at bias field = 0, the third harmonic wave can be analyzed to distinguish the material VC7600F-14 from VC7600F-13, as shown in Figure 9. 10
    On the other hand, when a marker is used in which the hard magnetic element 42a is magnetized, the magnetization state of the element 42a can be detected by biassing an applied bias field and determining the minimum of the second harmonic amplitude. From the Biasscan Figure 10, the field acting on the soft magnetic element from element 42a can be determined. In the case shown, the field is 1 mT. Different magnetization states of 42a can be detected thereby. If the third harmonic oscillation is now analyzed at bias field = 1 mT, the material VC7600F-14 can again be distinguished from VC7600F-13, as shown in Figure 11.
    Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 show three examples of a biass scan. Figure 12 shows an excitation signal at 160 Hz, whereby the amplitude of an additionally applied constant field is changed in each case after 33 ms. Figure 13 shows an excitation signal at 160 Hz, with a linearly variable field superimposed. A linearly superimposed field was used to realize the bias scans from Figure 8 to Figure 11.
    Figure 14 shows a 160 Hz excitation signal superimposed on a 16 Hz sinusoidal field.
    The use of soft magnetic and hard magnetic elements is not limited to the examination of the signals by means of harmonic oscillations. In principle, the voltage-time curve (Figure 3) can be detected and analyzed directly. Displacements of the voltage-time curves to positive or negative voltages again indicate the magnetization state of 42a. It is emphasized, however, that harmonic vibration testing is preferred because noise is efficiently minimized.
    As the soft magnetic element 203, magnetic materials that show at least one Barkhausen jump can also be used. When an alternating field is applied, these markers induce jumps in the voltage-time curve. For example, material 6 of Figure 2 shows a jump at 0.008 T. Materials that show cracks at different fields can be used to distinguish different soft magnetic elements (203). In addition, as described above, hard magnetic elements may be disposed adjacent to the soft magnetic element to increase the number of distinguishable markers.
    In order to distinguish between different markers 20, different measurements with different amplitudes of the alternating fields and also with different frequencies can be carried out. Since the susceptibility depends on the frequency, markers 20 at different frequencies show different spectra of the harmonics. This generates additional information to distinguish different markers 20.
    Further, additional information for discriminating Marker 20 is obtained when, for example, two markers 20 having different saturation fields (Bs.i and B5i2) are placed in the food extraction container 21. If Bs1 < Bs2 can be extracted by two measurements with different amplitude of the alternating field, additional information. First, a measurement is made with the stimulus field Ba having the maximum amplitude Bs.i < Ba < Bs 2 so the marker 1 is driven into saturation but marker 2 is not saturated. Thus, the measured harmonics are primarily generated by marker 1. Marker 2 has little influence on the measured harmonic spectrum, since it is operated in the linear range of the ΒΉ curve.
    If, however, a field is applied with Ba > Bs2 saturates both marker 1 and marker 2, and the summed harmonic spectrum of both markers 20 is measured. For example, the two harmonic spectra can be subtracted to obtain an approximation of the marker 2 harmonic spectrum.
    These two measurements can be used according to the invention to increase the number of distinguishable markers 20.
    In order to minimize high-frequency interference, it is advantageous in a selected arrangement according to the invention to introduce the magnetic marker 20 as well as the magnetic field sensor 11, for example the detection coil, into a Faraday cage. This Faraday cage can be designed to act as a low-pass filter and is continuous for the measurement signal, but is not consistent with high-frequency interference. High-frequency interferences can be caused, for example, by electrical devices in the environment, such as monitors, radio transmitters or fluorescent tubes, and either generate a noise signal directly in the detection unit, such as the coil, or cause the magnetic field to become "magnetic".
    Marker 20 magnetize in the container 21 and indirectly lead to an interference signal and thus to a false measurement.
    A Faraday cage can be achieved for example by an electrically conductive sheath of the marker 20. The sheath may be placed in direct contact with the marker or directly encase the marker 20. It is advantageous to manufacture the shell of the container 21 itself from an electrically conductive material.
    The penetration depth of electro-magnetic fields in conductors can be described by the skin effect. Thus, for example, the magnetic field Hf inside a suffering cylinder decreases with the distance r from the surface, as follows; ('-) = H0 exp (-i- / S) V./w'
    H0 here denotes the applied homogeneous magnetic field which has a frequency f. The resistivity of the conductor is P and the relative permeability is M. For a non-magnetic conductor such as aluminum or copper μ = . In the following example, the shielding effect of high-frequency alternating fields is shown by an aluminum cylinder with the wall thickness of 0.1mm and p = 2.82χ 10 "KQm.
    Due to the skin effect, the frequencies that can penetrate into an aluminum capsule, for example, are limited to frequencies in the low kHz range. This makes the use of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags, which work for cheap transponders in the MHz to GhZ range (e.g 13.56 MHz, 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz) impossible for cost-effective identification.
    Table 2: Ratio H / H0 as a function of frequency for an aluminum wall thickness of 0.1 mm. | f (Hz) Η, / Ηο | 512 0.97 [Ti ooo 0.88 22000 0.83
    In the following, experimental, inventive application examples are brought where a magnetic marker 20 is introduced into two different sheaths 21. The first shell has a wall thickness of 0.1 mm and is made of aluminum. The second shell is made of an electrically non-conductive plastic. Table 3 shows successive measurements of the amplitude A3 at two different frequencies. It turns out that A3.11000 (measured value at f = 11000 heart) is a factor of 2 smaller for the aluminum casing than for the plastic casing. Thus, measurement signals in this frequency range are attenuated by the aluminum shell approximately by a factor of 2.
    Regardless of the shielding effect of conductive marker shells, the conductivity of the sheath material can be deduced by measurements of the harmonic spectrum at different frequencies. For example, measurements at low frequencies (f = 513 Hz), regardless of plastic sheath or aluminum sheath, show an approximately constant magnitude of the second odd harmonic oscillation of Α , Ι3 (Αχ., ^, ΛΙιιΙ] ΙΙΙίηιαι = 8e-3 j ^ 3.5 LVKimsisiofl ' 7.8 e-3), since fields in this frequency range are hardly attenuated.
    If, however, the frequency is increased to f = 11000 Hz, the high-frequency fields are shielded by the aluminum shell but not so by the plastic shell. The strength of the third harmonic oscillation is thus significantly smaller in the aluminum sleeve than in the plastic sleeve (A311000.Aluminium = 3.89e-4, A3..513Plastic- 7.4 e-4). Thus it can be distinguished whether, for example, a magnetic marker 20 is incorporated in an aluminum shell or in a plastic sheath. This distinction according to the invention can be used in practice, for example, to identify coffee capsules 21 with undefined or also unknown contents 22 in order to avoid erroneous controls of the preparation parameters 24 of the extraction machine 23.
    Table Z: Ratios of third harmonic amplitudes at two different frequencies. A3luooo denotes the third harmonic amplitude for the excitation frequency f = 11000 Hz and A 3.513 for f = 513 Hz. 14 m φ φ · · »·················································································. * * * * * * * 4 • * * »·» · * · f (Hz) A3.I | () (H) /Λ.1 J 1 (Hin Aluminum 0.048 Plastic 0.95 For the soft magnetic elements 203, materials are preferred that have a coercive field smaller than 5 militesla, which can be realized by a large number of amorphous alloys.
    For example, alloy compositions may consist of CoaNibFecSidBe with the boron content less than 20 atomic percent.
    Other compositions may be from CoaFeoMocSidBe. Other characteristics can be achieved by alloys of CoaFecSidBe, FeaCUbNbcSidBe. Co-free alloys are also possible, such as FeaNibSicBd. For example, with 20 < a < 30, 40 < b < 70, 0 < c < 5, 1 < d < 20, or especially Fe24Ni58.5Si-1.5B1e food-grade alloys are used, which typically have an anisotropy field Hk less than 0.2 Militesla and have a remanence of 0.7 Tesla.
    Special heat treatments and field treatments can be used to create different marker materials with different magnetic properties.
    Most amorphous alloys have drilling to form the amorphous phase. It is also practically possible to use carbon instead of drilling.
    It is also possible to use magnetic wires such as FeSiB and CoSiB which have Barkhausen jumps.
    Table 4 '. Characteristics of typical soft magnetic amorphous materials. 1 poHc (mT) susceptibility I Bs (T) | MagnetostricitonX (ppm) 1 iron based < 0.01 45 000 - 600 1.56 Γ27 j amorphous 000 j 1 cobalt < 0.02 290 000 - 600 | 0.77 < 0.5 based 0 0 0 | 15
    amorphous i nickel iron <0.05 | 50 000 - 800 0.88 12 based 000 i
    As a marker material amorphous alloys can be selected, such as alloys containing Fe, Co, Ni, Tb, Cu, Dy, Pd, B, C or Gd. It is also possible to use nanocrystalline materials as markers of material having grain sizes between 1 nanometer and 1 micron and containing Tb, Dy, Fe, Co, Ni, B, P, C, Gd, Si, B, Nb or Mo. Even food safe standard materials such as steel, iron, iron oxide or Mü-metal, permalloy and other Ni-Fe alloys can be used. Furthermore, markers can be used materials which may have Barkhausen jumps in addition to the claimed method.
    In a further embodiment according to the invention, instead of the additional soft-magnetic element 203, the container 21, the capsule or the pad is produced directly from a magnetic alloy. For example, a NiFe alloy can be used for the container 21 or as a container coating. In a further embodiment of the invention non-magnetic materials, such as the entire container 21 or even parts and individual segments or contents of the container 21 with magnetic materials, for example by powder coating or electro-chemically coated. In other embodiments according to the invention, magnetic particles can be introduced into non-magnetic materials, for example the container 21. For example, plastic-bonded soft magnets can be used. For the element 42a, which serves as a hard magnet or a semi-hard magnet, a variety of standard materials may be used, such as ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, Fe oxide-based alloys, barium / strontium carbonates, ticonal, compounds containing Sm, Ni, Co , Nd, Fe and B, respectively. In order to be able to demagnetize the marker after use of the marker, coercive fields smaller than 0.1 T are preferred. 16
    Figure 15 illustrates a possible positioning of a longitudinal marker 20 on the container wall of a coffee capsule 21 which is completely or partially filled with solid 22 for extraction. The solid may be, for example, coffee powder, tea, cocoa, milk powder or baby food powder. The marker 20 is fixed inside or outside the coffee capsule 21. An approximation of the longitudinal axis of the marker 20 to the axis of rotation of the capsule 21 is preferred.
    Figure 16 shows two possible arrangements according to the invention of a plurality of markers 20. This is preferred because a rotationally symmetric field can not be guaranteed in the application. Thus, by magnetic parts in the machine or by magnetic parts in the environment, the magnetic fields of the transmitting coil 12 are deflected unevenly. In order to obtain the most independent measurement results, which are independent of the random rotation during insertion of the container 21 in the extraction machine 23, it is advantageous to position more than one marker in a circular capsule 21, as shown in Figure 16. As the number of markers 20 increases, rotational symmetry is improved. For non-rotationally symmetrical containers 21, as shown in Figure 16, a single sensor 20 may be sufficient. It is also conceivable to position the marker in the center of the capsule 21, so that no dependence arises from the rotation of the capsule 21 and thus only one marker 20 is required.
    Figure 17 and Figure 18 illustrate possible radial or centered orientations of a marker 20 along the axis of rotation of the coffee pad 21 on the outer wall of a coffee pad 21 or within the solid 22. In both arrangements, the marker 20 is positioned in the coffee pad 21 such that it does not is damaged by the piercing of the outer shell prior to extraction.
    FIG. 19 illustrates a practical arrangement of the discriminating detection, wherein the pickup coil 12 and the compensated detection coil 11 of the extraction machine 23 are positioned in a defined, for example concentric, alignment with the container 21. The container 21, in this application example a coffee capsule, contains solids 22 and the marker 20, which is fixed to the container wall, for example glued or sealed. As a result of the interference-free detection and discriminance of the marker 20 by the arrangement and method according to the invention, the container 21 and thus also the container 21 and thus also the container 17 are formed. Their solids movements 22 clearly distinguish and preparation parameters 24, such as water pressure, amount of water, temperature, flow rate or the principle acceptance of the Capsule of the extraction machine 23 controlled. Depending on the variance of the preparation parameters 24, different extracts 25, such as, for example, different coffees, teas or baby foods, can be produced, as well as a recognition of the basic suitability of the container 21 for the extraction machine 23. 18
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    I · * ·. 1. container 21 for the extraction of food 22 in extraction machines, characterized in that the container 21 includes a magnetic marker 20 and the magnetic marker is used to identify the container 21 and that the magnetic marker 20 at least one soft magnetic element 203rd with a coercive field μ0 Hcs, and at least one harder magnetic material 42a with μΕ Hc h. where μ0 Hc h &gt; &Gt; 2 μ0 Hch contains.
    [2]
    2. A container according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic marker 20 has at least one soft magnetic element 203 with a coercive field μ0 Hcs, and at least one harder magnetic material 42a with μ0 Hc h where μ0 Hc.h> &gt; 20 μ0 H ^ .h. includes.
    [3]
    3. A container according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one soft magnetic material 203 of the marker 20 has a coercive field of μ0 Hcs &lt; 5 mT and the marker 20 contains at least one harder magnetic material 42a containing HCl6> 10 mT.
    [4]
    4. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that the container 21, at least in one segment has a rotational symmetry, with rotation axis c1 and that the demagnetization factor of the soft magnetic element 203 in the direction of c1 is less than 0.05.
    [5]
    5. A container according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft magnetic element 203 has a continuous non-linear μ0Η - J curve.
    [6]
    6. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft magnetic element 203 shows at least one Barkhausen jump.
    [7]
    7. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the marker 20 is surrounded by an electrically conductive material. 20 ·· "** ···" · ** · »· · · · · * *" • * · * · * · · · "* I *" I · · · · · * • 4 ♦ * * * * »» · · ·· * * * * 4 * »*
    [8]
    8. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft magnetic element 203 is configured as a thin plate, with a layer thickness thinner than 70 microns.
    [9]
    9. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the soft magnetic element 203 configured as a thin wire, with a diameter smaller than 0.5 mm.
    [10]
    10. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the material 42a is a ferrite magnetic material.
    [11]
    11. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the intrinsic susceptibility of the soft magnetic element 203 is greater than 2,000.
    [12]
    12. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the intrinsic susceptibility of the soft magnetic element 203 is greater than 10,000.
    [13]
    13. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the element 42a has a Curie temperature of less than 150 ° C.
    [14]
    14. Container 21 according to claim 1, characterized in that the element 42a has a first-order phase transition in the temperature range between 0 ° C and 150 ° C.
    [15]
    15. Method for the detection of magnetic markers 20, characterized in that at least one transmitting coil emits an oscillating alternating field with amplitude A1 and superposed to this alternating field at a time interval, at least two DC fields with different amplitudes G1, wherein at least one amplitude G1 greater than 1/3 * A1, and the magnetic field changed by the marker 20, which is detected by at least one magnetic field sensor, serves to discriminate the markers 20.
    [16]
    16. A method for detecting magnetic markers 20, characterized in that at least one transmitting coil emits an oscillating alternating field with amplitude A1 and fundamental frequency f1 and superimposed on this alternating field a time-varying magnetic field with amplitude A2 and a fundamental frequency f2, wherein A2 &gt; A1, and the magnetic field changed by the marker 20, which is detected by at least one magnetic field sensor, serves to discriminate the markers 20. 21


    [17]
    Method according to claim 16, characterized in that f1 &gt; f2 is,
    [18]
    18. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the magnetic field emitted acts on a magnetic marker 20, which includes at least one soft magnetic element 203 with a coercive field μ0 Hcs, and at least one harder magnetic material 42a with μ0 Hc h where μ0 HCih &gt; &Gt; 2 μ0 Hc h
    [19]
    19. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the marker 20 is mounted on a container 21, which is used for the extraction of food 22 in extraction machines.
    [20]
    20. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that an alternating field pulse is emitted, which changes the magnetization of the element 42 a and thus invalidates the marker 20. 22
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT511355A4|2012-11-15|
    AT511732A3|2013-05-15|
    AT511357B1|2012-11-15|
    AT511357A4|2012-11-15|
    AT511332A4|2012-11-15|
    AT511355B1|2012-11-15|
    AT511332B1|2012-11-15|
    引用文献:
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    GB9620190D0|1996-09-27|1996-11-13|Flying Null Ltd|Improved methods for coding magnetic tags|
    CA2269939A1|1996-12-12|1998-06-18|N.V. Bekaert S.A.|Magnetic detector for security document|
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    GB2411794A|2004-03-05|2005-09-07|A C S Advanced Coding Systems|A magnetic tag comprised of a soft magnetic unit and a hard magnetic unit having coercivity higher than 1000oe|
    BR112012000038A2|2009-07-03|2016-03-15|Nestec Sa|a beverage preparation capsule comprising an identification element|
    CA2766194A1|2009-07-03|2011-01-06|Nestec S.A.|Method for identifying capsules in a beverage producing device with magnetically-responsive identifier|
    EP2448842B1|2009-07-03|2016-11-16|Nestec S.A.|Capsule for the preparation of a beverage embedding an identification element|ES2574647T3|2012-07-06|2016-06-21|Unilever N.V.|Procedure and device for preparing a drink|
    GB2499496B|2012-12-19|2014-11-19|Kraft Foods R & D Inc|A method of dispensing a beverage, a beverage preparation machine, and a system|
    DK2781174T3|2013-03-21|2015-10-19|Unilever Nv|A method, device and capsule system for preparing a beverage|
    USD732386S1|2013-03-21|2015-06-23|Conopco, Inc.|Capsule|
    法律状态:
    2016-05-15| REJ| Rejection|Effective date: 20160515 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT11562011A|AT511332B1|2011-08-11|2011-08-11|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISCRIMINATORY DETECTION OF CONTAINERS FOR THE PREPARATION OF FOODS IN EXTRACTION MACHINES USING MAGNETIZABLE MATERIALS|
    AT6152012A|AT511732A3|2011-08-11|2012-05-25|Identifiable magnetic markers|AT6152012A| AT511732A3|2011-08-11|2012-05-25|Identifiable magnetic markers|
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